The fifty-four sherds examined in this study included surface finds collected from the sites of Red Frog (RF) and Punta Vieja Arriba (PVA) on Bastimentos Island, the Cerro Brujo (CB) site on the mainland, and excavated samples from Sitio Drago (SD), Isla Colon. ![]() In this study, we conducted the first petrographic analysis of pottery from several Pre-Columbian archaeological sites located in Bocas del Toro province along the Caribbean coast of Panama. Engagement with the imperfection entailed in meshing multidisciplinary data sets and different scientific communities with interests in tephra, particularly in lesser studied regions, is posited as a ‘total’ view of tephra. While the research project utilizes visible tephra layers, not cryptotephra, by all means the tephra data prove to be cryptic. Tephra in archaeological contexts can have ambiguous placement between ecofact and artifact, as is the case with a small number of crude tephra sculptures in my excavated material and that of a seminal prior study. ![]() The intention is to develop a cost efficient and reproducible means of utilizing tephra as a chronostratigraphic marker in archaeological contexts and examine the intersection of human life with volcanic events and dynamic environments. A primary goal of this fieldwork is the identification and correlation of tephra from major Barú eruptions encountered in archaeological contexts by their lithology, stratigraphic position, and mineralogy without resorting to geochemical fingerprinting. ![]() The discussion seeks to refine the understanding of medial tephra deposits near Barú in relation to the eruption history indicated by geological, palaeoecological, and archaeological data. This paper presents data from archaeological stratigraphy and lacustrine core samples containing tephra from the Barú volcano in western Panama.
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